You can learn a lot about scientific advances from going on a tour of a medical facility. Check to see if Hospital Sanitas La Zarzuela is open to the public while you're in town.
This Moncloa-Aravaca health care institution is a good spot to start your day of sightseeing. There's loads to discover close by, like Plaza Mayor, Prado Museum, and Santiago Bernabéu Stadium. Take your time at Hospital Sanitas La Zarzuela before making tracks to these other fine attractions.